1.0 The Meaning of Economics
The modern word "Economics" has its origin in the Greek word "Oikonomos" meaning a steward. The two parts of this word "Oikos", a house and "nomos", a manager sum up what economics is all about. How do we manage our house?
There is an economic aspect to almost any topic education, employment, housing, transport, defence etc. Economics is a comprehensive theory of how the society works. Alfred Marshal defined economics as the "Study of man in the ordinary business of life". Paul Samuelson, an American Economist defined it as: "The study of how people and society choose to employ scarce resources that could have alternative uses in order to produce various commodities and to distribute them for consumption, now or in future amongst various persons and groups in society.
The word scarcity as used in economics means that; All resources are scarce in the sense that there are not enough to fill everyone's wants to the point of satiety. i.e We have limited resources, both in rich countries and in poor countries. The economist‘s job is to evaluate the choices that exist for the use of these resources. Thus we have another characteristic of economics; it is concerned with choice.
In summary, Economics is defined as "The social science which is concerned with the allocation of scarce resources to provide goods and services which meet the needs and wants of the consumers"
- Teacher: kelvin cheptot